![]() For both experiments, there were no significant differences in either reading speed or reading comprehension due to differences in voice.Study 3 compared student lab papers rated by instructors as weak versus strong to determine which factors, including voice, might account for the differences in instructor ratings. Large samples were used to ensure highly sensitive experiments. After reading each article, they answered 16 multiple-choice questions designed to test their understanding of the article. Subjects read one high-active article and one high-passive article. Two experiments were conducted, each of which included two articles that varied solely in voice, the "high-active" version having 100% active voice verbs and the "high-passive" version having 42% passive voice verbs. ![]() "high-passive" versions of scientific reports. Similarly, the objective article sections (Methods and Results) had a higher percent of passive voice verbs than the interpretive article sections (Introduction and Discussion).Study 2 was an empirical investigation designed to assess reading speed and comprehension for "high-active" vs. The incidence of passive voice verbs was greatest in the most object-oriented field (chemistry/physics), second highest in a somewhat less object-oriented field (botany), and lowest in the least object-oriented field (psychology). ![]() Study 1 focused on the incidence of the use of passive voice verbs in empirical reports in fields of varying object-orientation (psychology, botany, and chemistry/physics) and across article report sections (Introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion) of varying objectivity. Although early studies examining the passive voice appeared to show that passive voice sentences are harder to process and less preferred than active voice sentences, later studies pointed out a number of communication situations when passive sentences were not more difficult to process and were indeed preferred to their active counterparts.The present investigation focused on the use of passive voice in scientific reports. The passive voice is typically thought to be wordy, impersonal, and difficult to read.
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